Financial Performance and Risk Management Implications of Cyber-Protected Packaging and Labeling Systems: Evidence from Indian Manufacturing and FMCG Firms

• Ajay Kumar Garg

  Author

• Chhavneet

  Author

• Shikha Kuchhal

  Author

In recent years, Indian manufacturing and Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) firms have increasingly adopted cyber-protected packaging and labeling systems to combat counterfeiting, supply chain fraud, data breaches, and brand dilution. These systems combine digital technologies such as QR codes, RFID tags, blockchain-based traceability, encrypted labels, and IoT-enabled packaging to enhance product security and transparency. While prior studies have largely focused on the technological and operational benefits of such systems, limited attention has been given to their financial performance and risk management implications, particularly in the Indian context.

This study examines the impact of cyber-protected packaging and labeling systems on the financial performance and risk management efficiency of selected Indian manufacturing and FMCG firms. Using secondary data from annual reports, sustainability disclosures, industry surveys, and regulatory publications for the period 2016–2025, the study analyzes changes in profitability, cost efficiency, risk exposure, and brand protection outcomes following the adoption of cyber-protected packaging technologies. Financial performance indicators such as Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), operating margins, and cost ratios are evaluated alongside risk management indicators including fraud incidence reduction, supply chain disruption mitigation, and compliance improvement.

The findings suggest that firms adopting cyber-protected packaging systems demonstrate improved financial resilience, reduced operational risks, and enhanced consumer trust over time. Although initial investment costs are significant, long-term benefits in terms of risk reduction, revenue protection, and brand value creation outweigh these costs. The study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence from India and offers practical insights for managers, policymakers, and regulators aiming to strengthen cybersecurity and risk management frameworks in product packaging ecosystems.

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